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閱讀：728 發布時間：2014-2-11文獻名：Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Unique Inflammatory Footprints in the Lung: Important Implications for Nanoparticle Testing
作者：Wan-Seob Cho1, Rodger Duffin1, Craig A. Poland1, Sarah E.M. Howie2, William MacNee1, Mark Bradley3, Ian L. Megson4, and Ken Donaldson1
1 ELEGI (The Edinburgh Lung and the Environment Group Initiative), Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom;
2 Immunology Group, Centre for Inflammation Research and
3 School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom;
4 Free Radical Research Facility, Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Health Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, United Kingdom
摘要：
背景：Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in industry, cosmetics, and biomedicine.
目的：We examined hazards of several well-characterized high production volume NPs because of increasing concern about occupational exposure via inhalation.
方法：A panel of well-characterized NPs [cerium oxide (CeO2NP), titanium dioxide (TiO2NP), carbon black (CBNP), silicon dioxide (SiO2NP), nickel oxide (NiONP), zinc oxide (ZnONP), copper oxide (CuONP), and amine-modified polystyrene beads] was instilled into lungs of rats. We evaluated the inflammation potencies of these NPs 24 hr and 4 weeks postinstillation. For NPs that caused significant inflammation at 24 hr, we then investigated the characteristics of the inflammation. All exposures were carried out at equal-surface-area doses.
結果：Only CeO2NP, NiONP, ZnONP, and CuONP were inflammogenic to the lungs of rats at the high doses used. Strikingly, each of these induced a unique inflammatory footprint both acuy (24 hr) and chronically (4 weeks). Acuy, patterns of neutrophil and eosinophil infiltrates differed after CeO2NP, NiONP, ZnONP, and CuONP treatment. Chronic inflammatory responses also differed after 4 weeks, with neutrophilic, neutrophilic/lymphocytic, eosinophilic/fibrotic/granulomatous, and fibrotic/granulomatous inflammation being caused respectively by CeO2NP, NiONP, ZnONP, and CuONP.
結論：Different types of inflammation imply different hazards in terms of pathology, risks, and risk severity. In vitro testing could not have differentiated these complex hazard outcomes, and this has important implications for the global strategy for NP hazard assessment. Our results demonstrate that NPs cannot be viewed as a single hazard entity and that risk assessment should be performed separay and with caution for different NPs.
關鍵詞：eosinophilic inflammation, intratracheal instillation, in vitro assay, in vivo assay, lymphocytic inflammation, metal oxide nanoparticles, neutrophilic inflammation, risk assessment, surface area dose, Wistar rat